The analysis method of 16S rRNA gene fragment mainly includes the following 3 kinds: The basic principle of the 16S rRNA sequence analysis technique is to obtain the 16S rRNA sequence information from the 16S? RRNA gene fragment in the microorganism sample by cloning, sequencing or enzyme cutting and probe hybridization, and then comparing with the sequence data or other data in the 16S rRNA database to determine its position in the evolutionary tree, thus identifying the possible samples. The technology has three main steps: first, the acquisition of genomic DNA, the second is the acquisition of the 16S rRNA gene fragment, and finally the analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence. With the continuous improvement of the database, the technology can be applied to classify, identify, and detect pathogens quickly, accurately, and accurately. With the emergence of PCR technology and the continuous improvement of nucleic acid research technology, 16S rRNA gene detection technology has become a powerful tool for pathogen detection and identification. ③ It interacts with 23S to help integrate two ribosome units. The combination of 16S rRNA’s 3’end with S1 and S21 was found to be related to the initiation of protein synthesis. ②3’end contains a reverse SD sequence that is used to bind to the AUG initiation codon of mRNA. ①The immobilization of ribosomal proteins acts as scaffolding. The length of 16S rRNA coding gene is about 1500bp, which contains about 50 functional domains. The interspecific differences of the information contained in the variable regions of 16S rRNA make the detection specific. Therefore, the universal primers of various bacteria can be designed according to the conservative area, and specific primers or probes of specific bacteria can be designed according to the variable area. The conserved area is shared by all the bacteria, and the variable regions have different degrees of difference among the different bacteria, with the specificity of the genus or species, and the variable regions and the conservative areas are interlaced. The internal structure of 16S rRNA gene is composed of variable regions and conserved regions. The 16S rRNA is a ribosomal RNA necessary for the synthesis of all prokaryotic proteins and has the following characteristics:Įach bacterium contains 5~10 copies of 16S rRNA, which makes the detection sensitivity highly. 16S rRNA is highly conserved and specific, and the gene sequence is long enough. The 16S rRNA gene is the DNA sequence corresponding to rRNA encoding bacteria, which exists in the genome of all bacteria. The higher the value, the greater the molecule. The “S” in 16S is a sedimentation coefficient, that is, an index reflecting the downward velocity of the macromolecule in the centrifugal field.
16S rRNA (16S ribosomal RNA), is a component of the prokaryotic ribosome 30S subunit.
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